Migration

Burrowing owls are known to exhibit migratory behavior in certain regions, although the extent and pattern of migration can vary among populations. These migrations are often triggered by seasonal changes in food availability and temperature. Burrowing owls that breed in northern latitudes may migrate to warmer southern areas during the winter months, where prey is more abundant and environmental conditions are favorable.

The migration of burrowing owls is not a universal behavior, and not all populations engage in this seasonal movement. For example, in regions with milder climates, such as parts of the southwestern United States and Mexico, some burrowing owl populations may be year-round residents, avoiding the need for extensive migratory journeys. The decision to migrate or remain resident appears to be influenced by the availability of suitable prey and the climatic conditions within their specific habitats.

Countries with Migratory Burrowing Owl Populations

United States:

In the United States, migratory burrowing owl populations are observed in states like Montana, North Dakota, and South Dakota. These owls breed in the northern parts of the country during the summer and migrate southward to states like Texas, New Mexico, and Arizona for the winter.

Canada:

Canadian provinces such as Alberta and Saskatchewan are known for hosting breeding populations of burrowing owls. Some of these owls undertake long-distance migrations, moving to the southern United States or even Mexico during the colder months.

Mexico:

Mexico serves as both a breeding and wintering ground for burrowing owls. Certain regions, including Baja California and Sonora, attract migratory burrowing owls during the winter, providing them with suitable conditions for foraging and shelter.

Central and South America:

While some migratory burrowing owls from North America may travel as far as Central and South America during the non-breeding season, there is a mix of resident and migratory populations in these regions. Countries such as Honduras, Guatemala, and Colombia may host migratory burrowing owls in specific habitats.

Understanding the migratory patterns of burrowing owls across different countries is crucial for their conservation, as it helps identify key breeding and wintering areas, migration routes, and potential threats along their journey. Conservation efforts can then be targeted to protect these critical habitats and ensure the well-being of both resident and migratory burrowing owl populations.